| Infrastructure Type | Descriptiona |
Control point for access to or useb For example, identify the owner, regulator, manager, etc. as appropriate |
Open Source, Open Access, or Public Resource/Utilityc | Proprietaryc | How heavily used?d | Reliabilityd | Satisfaction for Userd | Ethical concerns (known or possible) | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Land infrastructure For example, properties ceded, unceded, public, private, etc. Include only principal land infrastructures. |
|
ANU acknowledges the Ngunnawal and Ngambri people, who are the Traditional Owners of the land upon which the University’s Acton campus is located. See https://www.anu.edu.au/students/contacts/tjabal-indigenous-higher-education-centre. | Yes | Yes | 10 | 10 | 10 | Colonialism and the effects of British imperialism and settler colonialism pervade all the locations listed here. | |
|
Materials infrastructure For example, notable common or rare extracted or other materials used in research, production, and communication. Break down by notable materials used in devices or tools if appropriate. |
As outlined in James Smithies’ infrastructure manifest for this volume, principal materials required for routine research work on this chapter (including daily driving and public transport, use of laptop computers and mobile phones) include the following notable rare materials (quoted from Silva, Jim. “These 4 Popular Consumer Goods Require a Shocking Amount of Metal to Make.” Midwest Industrial Supply [blog], 2016. https://blog.midwestind.com/consumer-goods-large-amounts-metal/):
For a more precise list of materials typically used in a single laptop computer, see Circular Computing,“Raw Materials in a Laptop,” Oct. 16, 2019, https://circularcomputing.com/news/raw-materials-in-a-laptop/, which specifies: 50% steel and aluminum, 26% ABS-PC, 12% Metals, and 9% epoxy (and then further specifies a list with gram weights of 19 minerals and metals). For additional explanations and listings of materials in computers, mobile phones, etc., see Andrew Wheeler, “What Raw Materials Are Used to Make Hardware in Computing Devices?,” engineering.com, Sept. 28, 2018, https://www.engineering.com/story/what-raw-materials-are-used-to-make-hardware-in-computing-devices. The post includes an infographic from a mining consultant showing the materials that make up the 129 grams of an iPhone 6, 16GB model. Excluded in this tabulation of materials infrastructure are materials in transportation, architectural, and other infrastructure beyond personal control; and in networking and cloud server farm infrastructures. |
Unknown | Not Applicable | Yes | Environmental concerns | ||||
|
Energy infrastructure For example, principal energy sources and infrastructure used in research, production, and communication |
|
Yes | Yes | Environmental impact | |||||
|
Transportation infrastructure For example, private or public transportation needed for daily or research trips |
|
Yes | Yes | Environmental impact | |||||
|
Architectural infrastructure For example, buildings, labs, rooms |
|
Yes | Yes | ||||||
|
Civic, community, national, or regional infrastructure For example, provided by cities, communities, governments, etc. |
|
Cities of Canberra, Australia; Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Oxford, UK; Melbourne, Australia; and Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada | Yes | Not Applicable | |||||
|
Institutional infrastructure For example, equipment, services, and “overhead” or “indirect cost recovery” items for grants to universities |
Campus network and overhead and staffing costs for research work | University | Yes | Not Applicable | |||||
|
Labor infrastructure For example, type and amount of labor from collaborators, staff, research assistants; include any attributes that seem important, such as unrecognized, unpaid, low-paid, outsourced, or other attributes of labor |
As co-authors we relied on each other’s labour to complete the work on this chapter. | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Concerns around the ethics of attribution and recognition | |||||
|
Research-content infrastructure For example, physical libraries and archives, online research materials, shadow libraries, etc. |
Principal research infrastructures providing content (research materials in the form of books, articles, images, etc.) include:
|
Principal control points are vendors (publishers, research aggregators and databases, etc.) whose subscriptions or licenses are mediated through the various university libraries used. | Yes | Yes | Environmental impact; privacy and intellectual property concerns; data sovereignty. | ||||
|
Tools infrastructure For example, principal analog tools and digital tools, scripts, or protocols used for research, writing, communication, production (excluding high-performance computing, for which see below) |
The tools ecosystem for working on this chapter includes:
Principal software tools
|
Not Applicable | Yes |
|
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Networked Platforms infrastructure For example, major networked or cloud platforms used for research, storage, analysis, sharing, communication, publication—Google Drive, Dropbox, AWS, etc. (excluding high-performance computing, for which see below) |
Google Drive for co-authoring | Proprietary systems. | Not Applicable | Yes |
|
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High-performance computing infrastructure Here defined expansively to include the use not just of supercomputers and computer clusters or grids but any high-performance computing infrastructure or special GPU and other processors exceeding the capabilities of an individual workstation, laptop, or server. |
None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | ||||||
| Other infrastructure | Not Applicable | Not Applicable |
This infrastructure manifest was completed by Ann Borda, Toby Burrows, Mike Jones, and Deb Verhoeven and reports on Chapter 12, “Reproducibility and Contestation in Humanities Digital Infrastructure.”