Queensland’s climate varies significantly due to its expansive size and geographic diversity. The state is home to several distinct climate zones, ranging from humid tropical conditions in the far north to more temperate and dry climates in the south and west. This variation in climate is influenced by the state's topography, proximity to the coast, and ocean currents.

Along Queensland’s coastline, rainfall is abundant, particularly in the tropical north, where the monsoonal wet season brings heavy rains. The humid, subtropical climate dominates the southern coastal areas, while the inland regions experience hot, dry summers and mild winters. In the elevated areas of the southeastern inland, winter temperatures can drop well below freezing, leading to frost and, on rare occasions, snowfall.

The climate in Queensland can be categorized into six predominant zones, based on temperature and humidity. For example, cities like Cairns and Innisfail experience hot, humid summers and warm, humid winters, while areas further south, such as Stanthorpe, have cool, dry winters with cold conditions in the highlands. Central and inland areas like Mt Isa and Longreach experience hot, dry summers and mild winters.

Brisbane, the state’s capital, has a subtropical climate with an average daily temperature of 25.5°C (77.9°F), while coastal cities like Mackay and Cairns experience warmer conditions, with average temperatures of around 26°C (79.5°F) and 29°C (84.6°F), respectively. Rainfall varies across the state, with Cairns receiving the highest amount—nearly 2,000 mm (78.04 inches) annually. In contrast, areas in the inland regions such as Roma and Charleville experience much lower rainfall.

The coastal far north, especially Mount Bellenden Ker near Cairns, holds the record for some of the highest rainfall in Australia, with annual totals exceeding 8 meters (26 feet). Queensland’s southern border can experience rare snowfall, particularly in the Stanthorpe area, although snow is generally infrequent.

While the state’s diverse climate offers beauty and variety, it also presents challenges. Severe tropical cyclones regularly impact the northern and central coastlines, with devastating examples including Cyclones Larry, Yasi, Ita, and Debbie. Flooding is also a significant concern, with major flood events—such as those in early 2011—causing widespread destruction. The state also faces severe thunderstorms, which can bring damaging winds, hail, and even tornadoes, like the strongest recorded tornado near Bundaberg in 1992.

Queensland is no stranger to droughts and bushfires, although these tend to be less intense than those in southern states. The state’s highest recorded temperature of 49.5°C (121.1°F) was recorded at Birdsville in 1972, while the coldest recorded temperature of -10.6°C (12.9°F) occurred in Stanthorpe in 1961.

Overall, Queensland's climate is characterized by its extremes, offering both challenges and opportunities for the state’s diverse environment and communities.